Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC)

Sometimes grouped with refrigeration as HVACR, these systems cover both vehicular and indoor building comfort control.

HVAC is important in the design of medium to large industrial and office buildings such as skyscrapers, onboard vessels, and in marine environments such as aquariums, where safe and healthy building conditions are regulated with respect to temperature and humidity, using fresh air from outdoors.