Across the nation, utility companies, state regulators and policy makers are considering many potential solutions and strategies for managing an evolving power grid and energy industry. From policy measures like the Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) Clean Power Plan regulations, to the President’s first Quadrennial Energy Review, to infrastructure modernization efforts, utility companies and state regulators are in a period of intense progress and scrutiny. Of these measures, the EPA’s Clean Power Plan is particularly significant. It aims to reduce carbon dioxide emissions from existing fossil fuel-fired power plants. Citing authority under Section 111(d) of the Clean Air Act, the EPA released the final regulations in August 2015, requiring states to develop and submit state plans to achieve the federal emissions reduction goals. The Clean Power Plan also fosters a spirit of state/federal collaboration urging states to work hand-in-hand with each other and the EPA to come to optimal reduction structures. Despite the debate over the legality of the EPA’s proposed plan, utilities and regulatory bodies are already analyzing the cost and benefits of a variety of measures to respond including coal plant conversions, renewable energy investments, energy efficiency programs and more.